AUDIOVISUAL TENTANG MENARCHE DAN DISMINORE TERHADAP KESIAPAN SISIWI SEKOLAH DASAR

Abstract

Background: Non-hemorrhagic stroke is a neurological disorder caused by obstruction of blood flow to the brain,

resulting in neuronal damage and decreased motor function, particularly upper extremity muscle weakness. This

weakness limits patients’ daily activities, necessitating appropriate rehabilitative interventions. The combination of Hand

Grip Strength and Range of Motion (ROM) exercises is believed to improve muscle strength through neuromuscular

stimulation and increased muscle elasticity. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of combined Hand Grip

Strength and ROM exercises on upper extremity muscle strength in non-hemorrhagic stroke patients at Dr. Moewardi

Hospital, Surakarta. Methods: A pre-experimental design with a pre-test and post-test approach without a control group

was used. A total of 44 respondents were selected using accidental sampling. The intervention was administered twice

daily for 10–15 minutes over three consecutive days. The Manual Muscle Testing (MMT) scale was used to measure

muscle strength. Results: The findings revealed a significant improvement in muscle strength after the intervention, with

p < 0.05. These results support that combining Hand Grip Strength and ROM exercises effectively enhances upper

extremity muscle strength in non-hemorrhagic stroke patients. Conclusion: There was a significant effect of the

combination of ROM and Hand Grip Strength exercises on improving upper extremity muscle strength among non-

hemorrhagic stroke patients at Dr. Moewardi Hospital (ρ = 0.000 < 0.05). This study is expected to serve as a reference

for rehabilitative nursing interventions and contribute to preventing permanent disability in stroke patients.