Kajian Literatur Kebutuhan Vitamin K pada Bayi dan Perannya dalam Pencegahan Perdarahan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.71203/jrkk.v3i3.110Keywords:
vitamin k, bayi baru lahir, perdarahan neonatusAbstract
Background: Vitamin K is a fat-soluble vitamin that plays a crucial role in blood coagulation in newborns. Newborns are
at high risk of vitamin K deficiency due to limited placental transfer, low body stores, immature liver function, and low
vitamin K concentrations in breast milk, which may lead to Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding (VKDB). Objective: This study
aimed to review the relationship between vitamin K deficiency and the risk of bleeding in newborns and to evaluate the
effectiveness of vitamin K prophylaxis in preventing VKDB. Methods: A literature review with a qualitative descriptive
approach was conducted by searching national and international articles published between 2022 and 2026 in the
Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases. Relevant articles were selected based on predetermined
inclusion criteria and analyzed descriptively. Results: The review showed that vitamin K deficiency increases the risk of
bleeding disorders in newborns, including cutaneous, gastrointestinal, and intracranial hemorrhage, which may result in
severe morbidity and mortality. Premature infants and exclusively breastfed infants were identified as high-risk groups.
Intramuscular vitamin K administration was consistently reported to be more effective than oral administration because
it provides more sustained protection against VKDB. In addition, parental and healthcare providers' knowledge was
identified as an important factor in improving adherence to vitamin K prophylaxis. Conclusion: Vitamin K prophylaxis,
particularly through intramuscular administration immediately after birth, is an effective strategy for preventing VKDB.
Strengthening education for parents and healthcare professionals is essential to improve awareness and reduce the
incidence of vitamin K deficiency-related bleeding in newborns
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Copyright (c) 2026 Rahma Aprillia Setyanti, Revalina Annisa Putri, Riestifa Tri Nastiawan, Shafa Salsabilla, Dwi Rukma Santi
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